Peru (Quechua and Aymara: Piruw)-officially, the Republic of Peru, is a country located on the western edge of South America. It has a long coastline on the Pacific Ocean to the west, bordering Ecuador and Colombia to the north, Brazil to the east and Bolivia and Chile to the southeast. Its territory consists of diverse landscapes, the highlands, moors, valleys and high peaks of the Andes separate the coastal desert to the west and the Amazon to the east. Peru is one of the most biodiverse countries in the world and major mineral resources.
Ancient Peru was the cradle of American civilization. By the 3200 a. C. Caral-Supe came, but after Chavin which stages classic Andean civilizations such as Moche, Nazca and Huari. By the fifteenth century, the Inca Empire, spread over much of western South America to the Conquest in 1532, after which the Spanish Viceroyalty was established in the new domains with special interest in silver mining. They merged the Andean culture and the Spanish.
The eighteenth-century Bourbon reforms raised various uprisings until the Rebellion of Tupac Amaru II. In 1821, proclaimed independence and the country remained warlordism to boom and decline of the Age of Guano, which ended shortly before the Pacific War. After the war, articulated a oligarchic government which led to the Oncenio reconstruction, which triggered the intrusion of militarism. The armed forces established a military dictatorship in 1968 that introduced several reforms nationalist. In 1979, he returned democratic government but also conceived the armed conflict between the government and the terrorist group Sendero Luminoso, which reached its peak after the inflation crisis of the late eighties. At the beginning of this century, has experienced a remarkable economic development.
Peruvian culture is a result of initial interbreeding between the Andean civilization, the Spanish cultural tradition and African culture, then combined the influence of nineteenth-century migration from China, Japan and Europe. This mixture has resulted in a wide diversity of expressions in fields such as music, folk art and cuisine. The main spoken language is Spanish, although a significant number of Peruvians speak different native languages, the most extended the Southern Quechua. Is an emerging country with a high Human Development Index even with a strong economic inequality. Its main economic activities include agriculture, fisheries, mining and manufacturing of products such as textiles.
Politically, the country is organized as a democratic republic with a multiparty political system structured on the principles of separation of powers and decentralization. Becomes divided into 24 departments and the constitutional province of Callao. Machupicchu Related Links: Inca Trail Reservations Peru Travel Machu Picchu Hotels |
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